SpeciesKnotsGuides

Flatfish

Sole, turbot, plaice, brill: at hatching they swim upright like any other fish. Then one eye migrates, the body tips over, and they spend their lives lying on the bottom.

15 species documented

That metamorphosis is unique in the catalog. The young fish loses its symmetry, one eye travels across the skull to join the other, and the adult lives on one flank with its blind side against the sand. Everything else follows: their camouflage, their ambush hunting, and their preference for soft ground.

So you look for them where sand and mud dominate, often near the places where current drops food. Buried a few centimetres down, they give nothing away: the rig has to come to them, dragged slowly along the bottom rather than suspended above it.

The bite is subtle, sometimes barely there — a slight extra weight at the rod tip. Many are lost by striking too early, on a fish that had not yet taken the whole mouthful.

Species list

NameScientific nameMax sizeBest months
American plaiceHippoglossoides platessoides83 cmMay–Oct
Atlantic halibutHippoglossus hippoglossus470 cmApr–Oct
BrillScophthalmus rhombus75 cmApr–Oct
California HalibutParalichthys californicus152 cmMar–Oct
Common dabLimanda limanda40 cmMar–Nov
Common soleSolea solea70 cmMar–Nov
European flounderPlatichthys flesus60 cmMar–Nov
European plaicePleuronectes platessa100 cmMar–Oct
Lemon soleMicrostomus kitt65 cmApr–Oct
MegrimLepidorhombus whiffiagonis60 cmApr–Nov
Pacific halibutHippoglossus stenolepis258 cmMay–Oct
Senegalese soleSolea senegalensis60 cmMar–Oct
Southern flounderParalichthys lethostigma83 cmMar–Oct
Summer flounderParalichthys dentatus94 cmApr–Nov
TurbotScophthalmus maximus100 cmApr–Oct