SpeciesKnotsGuides

Freshwater predators

Pike, zander, perch, black bass: predators hunt other fish, and that changes everything. You do not wait for them, you go and find them.

87 species documented

A predator does not feed continuously. It alternates short, intense hunting bursts with long hours of inactivity, tucked against cover. The whole game is to arrive during the right phase or to provoke the wrong one: a lure passing at the right spot and the right speed sometimes triggers a strike of pure aggression from a fish that was not hungry at all.

That hunting habit dictates the tackle. Teeth demand something at the business end — a wire or heavy fluorocarbon trace in front of a pike is not a precaution, it is the condition for seeing your lure again — along with a rod crisp enough to work a lure, set a hook and turn a fish that heads for the nearest snag.

Light governs their activity better than the clock. Dawn, dusk and overcast days concentrate the bites, because the predator can still see while its prey sees less well. A blue midday sky puts them on the bottom or under cover: at those hours, slow down and fish accurately rather than covering ground.

Species list

NameScientific nameMax sizeBest months
African pikeHepsetus odoe44.2 cmJun–Dec
Aimara wolf fishHoplias aimara100 cmYear-round
Alligator garAtractosteus spatula260 cmMar–Nov
American yellow perchPerca flavescens50 cmYear-round
Amur pikeEsox reichertii115 cmYear-round
Aquitanian pikeEsox aquitanicus100 cmYear-round
ArapaimaArapaima gigas450 cmJul–Mar
ArawanaOsteoglossum bicirrhosum90 cmYear-round
Australian bonytongueScleropages jardinii100 cmMar–Oct
Azul peacock bassCichla piquiti48 cmMay–Sep
Balkhash perchPerca schrenkii50 cmMar–Nov
BarramundiLates calcarifer200 cmMar
Bigeye latesLates mariae80 cmMay
Black crappiePomoxis nigromaculatus49 cmMar–Nov
Blotched snakeheadChanna maculata20 cmMar–Aug
BluegillLepomis macrochirus41 cmMar–Nov
BowfinAmia calva109 cmMar–Nov
Bullseye snakeheadChanna marulius183 cmYear-round
Butterfly peacock bassCichla ocellaris74 cmYear-round
Chain pickerelEsox niger99 cmYear-round
Elongate tigerfishHydrocynus forskahlii78 cmJun–Jan
European congerConger conger300 cmJun–Nov
European perchPerca fluviatilis50 cmSep–Oct
FlierCentrarchus macropterus29 cmMar–Nov
Florida garLepisosteus platyrhincus132 cmMar–Nov
Forktail latesLates microlepis93 cmMay
Giant tigerfishHydrocynus goliath133 cmJun–Oct
Golden DoradoSalminus brasiliensis100 cmSep–Apr
Golden perchMacquaria ambigua76 cmSep–Feb
Goujon de l'AmourPerccottus glenii25 cmMay–Nov
Green sunfishLepomis cyanellus31 cmMar–Nov
Guadalupe bassMicropterus treculii46.4 cmMar–Oct
Indonesian snakeheadChanna micropeltes130 cmMar–Nov
Jari peacock bassCichla jariina34 cmJul–Dec
Javanese snakeheadChanna lucius53 cmYear-round
Largemouth bassMicropterus salmoides97 cmJul–Sep
Longear sunfishLepomis megalotis24 cmMar–Nov
Longnose garLepisosteus osseus200 cmMar–Nov
Monoculus peacock bassCichla monoculus70 cmJul–Jan
Mud sunfishAcantharchus pomotis21 cmMar–Nov
Murray codMaccullochella peelii180 cmDec–May
MuskellungeEsox masquinongy183 cmMar–Nov
Nile perchLates niloticus200 cmYear-round
Northern pikeEsox lucius137 cmSep–Nov
Northern snakeheadChanna argus100 cmMar–Nov
Ocellated snakeheadChanna pleurophthalma40 cmMar
Orangespotted sunfishLepomis humilis18 cmMar–Nov
Orinoco peacock bassCichla orinocensis61.7 cmJul–Nov
Pike characinAcestrorhynchus falcatus30 cmYear-round
Pike-perchSander lucioperca100 cmSep–Nov
Pinima peacock bassCichla pinima52 cmMay–Sep
PumpkinseedLepomis gibbosus25 cmMar–Nov
Redear sunfishLepomis microlophus43 cmMar–Nov
Redeye bassMicropterus coosae47 cmApr–Oct
Redfin pickerelEsox americanusYear-round
Rock bassAmbloplites rupestris43 cmMar–Nov
Royal peacock bassCichla intermedia55 cmJul–Nov
RuffeGymnocephalus cernua29 cmMar–Nov
Sacramento perchArchoplites interruptus73 cmMar–Nov
SaugerSander canadensis76 cmSep–May
SchraetzerGymnocephalus schraetser30 cmMar–Nov
Shadow bassAmbloplites ariommus31 cmMar–Nov
Shoal bassMicropterus cataractae61 cmMar–Oct
Shortnose garLepisosteus platostomus88 cmMar–Nov
Smallmouth bassMicropterus dolomieu69 cmApr–Oct
Southern African pikeHepsetus cuvieri37 cmNov–May
Southern pikeEsox cisalpinus110 cmYear-round
Southern saratogaScleropages leichardti100 cmYear-round
Speckled peacock bassCichla temensis99 cmJun
Spotted bassMicropterus punctulatus64 cmApr–Nov
Spotted garLepisosteus oculatus150 cmMar–Nov
Spotted pike-characinBoulengerella maculata31.9 cmJul–Jan
Striped snakeheadChanna striata100 cmYear-round
Suwannee bassMicropterus notius40 cmMar–Oct
Tanzanian tigerfishHydrocynus tanzaniae24.7 cmJun–Nov
Tiger fishHydrocynus vittatus105 cmJun–Dec
Tiger muskellungeEsox lucius x masquinongyYear-round
Tiger-fishHydrocynus brevis86 cmJun–Nov
TrahiraHoplias malabaricus65 cmYear-round
Volga pikeperchSander volgensis40 cmMar–Nov
WalleyeSander vitreus107 cmYear-round
WarmouthLepomis gulosus31 cmMar–Nov
White bassMorone chrysops45 cmMar–Nov
White crappiePomoxis annularis53 cmMar–Nov
Xingu peacock bassCichla melaniae36 cmMay–Sep
Yellow bassMorone mississippiensis46 cmMar–Nov
Yellow peacock bassCichla kelberi58.5 cmMay–Dec