SpeciesKnotsGuides

Fish of Switzerland

Europe’s water tower, Switzerland gives rise to rivers that reach four different seas. Its fishing is that of deep lakes and cold rivers.

47 species documented

The country occupies a unique hydrological position: water falling on it runs to the North Sea via the Rhine, to the Mediterranean via the Rhône, to the Adriatic via the Ticino and to the Black Sea via the Inn. Four basins, four ancestral faunas, in a territory you cross in a few hours.

The large Alpine lakes — Geneva, Constance, Neuchâtel and the rest — are deep, cold and very clear. Their volume gives them real thermal inertia: they warm slowly in spring and hold their chill late in the year, which shifts the good windows relative to nearby lowland waters.

Mountain rivers complete the picture with brisk, oxygenated water of a clarity that leaves little room for approximation. Fishing is fine, often working upstream, and the approach matters more than the tackle.

Freshwater44

Saltwater3

Species list

NameScientific nameIn GermanIn FrenchIn ItalianMax sizeBest months
Adriatic sturgeonAcipenser naccariiAdriatischer StörEsturgeon de l'AdriatiqueStorione cobice200 cmMar–Nov
AspLeuciscus aspiusRapfenAspeAspio120 cmApr–Oct
Atlantic salmonSalmo salarAtlantischer LachsSaumon atlantiqueSalmone atlantico150 cmMar–Nov
BarbelBarbus barbusBarbeBarbeau fluviatileBarbo120 cmMar–Jun, Sep–Oct
Bighead carpHypophthalmichthys nobilisMarmorkarpfenCarpe à grosse têteCarpa testagrossa146 cmApr–Oct
Black bullheadAmeiurus melasSchwarzer ZwergwelsPoisson-chatPesce gatto66 cmMar–Nov
Black Sea troutSalmo labraxSchwarzmeerforelleTruite de la mer NoireTrota del mar Nero80 cmMar–Nov
BleakAlburnus alburnusUkeleiAbletteAlborella18 cmApr–Oct
Brook barbelBarbus caninusHundsbarbeBarbeau caninBarbo canino25 cmApr–Jun, Aug–Oct
Brook troutSalvelinus fontinalisBachsaiblingOmble de fontaineSalmerino di fontana60 cmMar–Nov
Brown troutSalmo trutta farioBachforelleTruite farioTrota fario60 cmApr–May
BurbotLota lotaQuappeLotte de rivièreBottatrice152 cmSep–May
ChubSqualius cephalusDöbelChevesneCavedano60 cmApr–Oct
Common carpCyprinus carpioKarpfenCarpe communeCarpa comune129 cmJul–Sep
Common daceLeuciscus leuciscusHaselVandoiseLeucisco40 cmMar–Oct
Common naseChondrostoma nasusNaseNaseNaso50 cmMar–Oct
Crucian carpCarassius carassiusKarauscheCarassin communCarassio64 cmApr–Oct
European eelAnguilla anguillaEuropäischer AalAnguille européenneAnguilla europea130 cmMar–Nov
European graylingThymallus thymallusÄscheOmbre communTemolo60 cmJun–Aug
European perchPerca fluviatilisFlussbarschPerche communePersico reale50 cmSep–Oct
Freshwater breamAbramis bramaBrachsenBrème communeAbramide82 cmApr–Oct
GoldfishCarassius auratusGoldfischCarassin doréCarassio dorato48 cmApr–Oct
Grass carpCtenopharyngodon idellaGraskarpfenAmour blancCarpa erbivora150 cmMar–Nov
GudgeonGobio gobioGründlingGoujonGobione20 cmApr–Oct
Italian barbelBarbus plebejusItalienische BarbeBarbeau italienBarbo comune italiano70 cmApr–Oct
Italian bleakAlburnus arborellaItalienische LaubeAlborelleAlborella12.7 cmApr–Sep
Italian riffle daceTelestes muticellusItalienischer StrömerBlageon italienVairone italiano15 cmApr–Jun, Sep–Oct
Lacustrine brown troutSalmo trutta lacustrisSeeforelleTruite de lacTrota lacustre100 cmMar–Nov
Lake charrSalvelinus umblaSeesaiblingOmble des lacsSalmerino alpino80 cmSep–May
Lake troutSalvelinus namaycushAmerikanischer SeesaiblingCristivomerSalmerino di lago americano150 cmJun–Feb
Largemouth bassMicropterus salmoidesForellenbarschBlack-bass à grande bouchePersico trota97 cmJul–Sep
Marble troutSalmo marmoratusMarmorierte ForelleTruite marbréeTrota marmorata120 cmMar–Nov
Mirror carpCyprinus carpio (forme miroir)SpiegelkarpfenCarpe miroirCarpa a specchio129 cmYear-round
Northern pikeEsox luciusHechtBrochetLuccio137 cmSep–Nov
Pike-perchSander luciopercaZanderSandreLucioperca100 cmSep–Nov
Prussian carpCarassius gibelioGiebelCarassin argentéCarpa di Prussia47 cmApr–Oct
PumpkinseedLepomis gibbosusGemeiner SonnenbarschPerche-soleilPersico sole25 cmMar–Nov
Rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykissRegenbogenforelleTruite arc-en-cielTrota iridea123 cmMar–Nov
RoachRutilus rutilusRotaugeGardonRutilo50 cmMar–Oct
RuddScardinius erythrophthalmusRotfederRotengleScardola45 cmMar–Nov
RuffeGymnocephalus cernuaKaulbarschGrémilleAcerina29 cmMar–Nov
SchneiderAlburnoides bipunctatusSchneiderSpirlinAlborella appenninica15 cmMar–Nov
Souffia chubTelestes souffiaStrömerBlageonVairone20 cmApr–Sep
Southwest European naseParachondrostoma toxostomaToxostomaToxostomeSavetta meridionale30 cmMar–Sep
TenchTinca tincaSchleieTancheTinca60 cmJul–Aug
Wels catfishSilurus glanisWelsSilure glaneSiluro273 cmJul–Aug
White breamBlicca bjoerknaGüsterBrème blancheBlicca46 cmApr–Oct