Fish of Brazil
The Amazon, the Pantanal, the Paraná and thousands of kilometres of Atlantic coast: Brazil holds the richest freshwater fauna in the world.
91 species documented
The Amazon basin alone concentrates a diversity no other river system knows. The flood cycle organises all of it: each year the water invades the forest for kilometres and the fish scatter into it to feed, before concentrating in the channels as the level drops. That falling water opens the best fishing of the year.
The Pantanal, an immense wetland in the centre-west, works on the same principle at another scale. Its seasonal flooding makes it one of the largest freshwater nurseries on the planet, and fishing there follows the calendar of the water strictly.
The Atlantic coast, thousands of kilometres long, runs from subtropical water in the south to equatorial warmth in the north. Estuaries, mangroves, beaches and reefs follow one another, with a fauna that shifts markedly from north to south.

Aimara wolf fish
Hoplias aimara
Predators· 100 cm

Albacore
Thunnus alalunga
Big pelagics· 140 cm

Almaco jack
Seriola rivoliana
Coastal· 160 cm

Amur carp
Cyprinus rubrofuscus
Carp & coarse· 28 cm

Arapaima
Arapaima gigas
Predators· 450 cm

Arawana
Osteoglossum bicirrhosum
Predators· 90 cm

Atlantic goliath grouper
Epinephelus itajara
Coastal· 250 cm

Atlantic spadefish
Chaetodipterus faber
Coastal· 90 cm

Atlantic white marlin
Kajikia albida
Big pelagics· 300 cm

Azul peacock bass
Cichla piquiti
Predators· 48 cm

Barred sorubim
Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum
Catfish· 105 cm

Bigeye scad
Selar crumenophthalmus
Coastal· 70 cm

Bigeye tuna
Thunnus obesus
Big pelagics· 250 cm

Black drum
Pogonias cromis
Coastal· 170 cm

Black grouper
Mycteroperca bonaci
Coastal· 150 cm

Black jack
Caranx lugubris
Coastal· 100 cm

Blue marlin
Makaira nigricans
Coastal· 500 cm

Blue shark
Prionace glauca
Sharks & rays· 400 cm

Bluefish
Pomatomus saltatrix
Coastal· 130 cm

Bonefish
Albula vulpes
Migratory· 104 cm

Bull shark
Carcharhinus leucas
Sharks & rays· 360 cm

Bullet tuna
Auxis rochei
Big pelagics· 50 cm

Butterfly peacock bass
Cichla ocellaris
Predators· 74 cm

Common carp
Cyprinus carpio
Carp & coarse· 129 cm

Common dolphinfish
Coryphaena hippurus
Big pelagics· 210 cm

Common snook
Centropomus undecimalis
Coastal· 140 cm

Coney grouper
Cephalopholis fulva
Coastal· 44 cm

Cottonmouth jack
Uraspis secunda
Coastal· 50 cm

Crevalle jack
Caranx hippos
Coastal· 124 cm

Cubera snapper
Lutjanus cyanopterus
Coastal· 160 cm

Dog snapper
Lutjanus jocu
Coastal· 128 cm

Dusky grouper
Epinephelus marginatus
Coastal· 150 cm

Dusky shark
Carcharhinus obscurus
Sharks & rays· 420 cm

Florida pompano
Trachinotus carolinus
Coastal· 64 cm

Garfish
Belone belone
Big pelagics· 94 cm

Golden Dorado
Salminus brasiliensis
Predators· 100 cm

Great barracuda
Sphyraena barracuda
Coastal· 200 cm

Great hammerhead
Sphyrna mokarran
Sharks & rays· 610 cm

Great white shark
Carcharodon carcharias
Sharks & rays· 640 cm

Jari peacock bass
Cichla jariina
Predators· 34 cm

King mackerel
Scomberomorus cavalla
Big pelagics· 184 cm

Kumakuma
Brachyplatystoma filamentosum
Catfish· 360 cm

Lane snapper
Lutjanus synagris
Coastal· 60 cm

Leatherjacket
Oligoplites saurus
Coastal· 35 cm

Little tunny
Euthynnus alletteratus
Big pelagics· 122 cm

Longfin mako
Isurus paucus
Sharks & rays· 427 cm

Lookdown
Selene vomer
Coastal· 48.3 cm

Mackerel scad
Decapterus macarellus
Coastal· 46 cm

Mirror carp
Cyprinus carpio (forme miroir)
Carp & coarse· 129 cm

Monoculus peacock bass
Cichla monoculus
Predators· 70 cm

Mottled grouper
Mycteroperca rubra
Coastal· 144 cm

Mutton snapper
Lutjanus analis
Coastal· 94 cm

Nile tilapia
Oreochromis niloticus
Other· 60 cm

Oilfish
Ruvettus pretiosus
Big pelagics· 300 cm

Orinoco peacock bass
Cichla orinocensis
Predators· 61.7 cm

Paraná pacu
Piaractus mesopotamicus
Carp & coarse· 80 cm

Permit
Trachinotus falcatus
Coastal· 122 cm

Pike characin
Acestrorhynchus falcatus
Predators· 30 cm

Pilotfish
Naucrates ductor
Coastal· 70 cm

Pinima peacock bass
Cichla pinima
Predators· 52 cm

Pompano
Trachinotus ovatus
Coastal· 70 cm

Porbeagle
Lamna nasus
Sharks & rays· 350 cm

Rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Salmonids· 123 cm

Red grouper
Epinephelus morio
Coastal· 125 cm

Red porgy
Pagrus pagrus
Coastal· 91 cm

Redbreast tilapia
Coptodon rendalli
Other· 45 cm

Redtail catfish
Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
Catfish· 135 cm

Roundscale spearfish
Tetrapturus georgii
Big pelagics· 184 cm

Sandbar shark
Carcharhinus plumbeus
Sharks & rays· 300 cm

Scalloped hammerhead
Sphyrna lewini
Sharks & rays· 430 cm

Sheepshead
Archosargus probatocephalus
Coastal· 91 cm

Shortfin mako
Isurus oxyrinchus
Sharks & rays· 445 cm

Silky shark
Carcharhinus falciformis
Sharks & rays· 350 cm

Skipjack tuna
Katsuwonus pelamis
Big pelagics· 110 cm

Speckled peacock bass
Cichla temensis
Predators· 99 cm

Spotted pike-characin
Boulengerella maculata
Predators· 31.9 cm

Spotted Sorubim
Pseudoplatystoma corruscans
Catfish· 182 cm

Stoplight parrotfish
Sparisoma viride
Coastal· 64 cm

Swordfish
Xiphias gladius
Big pelagics· 455 cm

Tambaqui (black pacu)
Colossoma macropomum
Migratory· 110 cm

Tiger shark
Galeocerdo cuvier
Sharks & rays· 750 cm

Tope shark
Galeorhinus galeus
Sharks & rays· 193 cm

Trahira
Hoplias malabaricus
Predators· 65 cm

Wahoo
Acanthocybium solandri
Big pelagics· 250 cm

White mullet
Mugil curema
Coastal· 91 cm

White trevally
Pseudocaranx dentex
Coastal· 122 cm

Xingu peacock bass
Cichla melaniae
Predators· 36 cm

Yellow peacock bass
Cichla kelberi
Predators· 58.5 cm

Yellowfin tuna
Thunnus albacares
Big pelagics· 239 cm

Yellowtail amberjack
Seriola lalandi
Coastal· 250 cm

Yellowtail snapper
Ocyurus chrysurus
Coastal· 86 cm