SpeciesKnotsGuides

Fish of Belgium

One of the densest canal networks in Europe, the Meuse and the Scheldt, and a short but busy coastline: Belgium offers accessible, varied fishing in a small country.

71 species documented

Canals hold a place here that few countries give them. Inherited from industry and still working, they form a continuous navigable network fished in the middle of cities as readily as in open country. The regular passage of barges sets the fish feeding more reliably than the hour of day.

The Meuse and its Ardennes tributaries provide the contrast: faster, colder, more incised water with a fauna quite unlike that of the Flemish lowlands. A few dozen kilometres take you from canal fishing to running-water fishing.

The coast runs barely sixty kilometres, almost entirely sand, with a handful of harbours and groynes concentrating the shore fishing. Tides are strong and the shelf shallow, which keeps the water coloured and productive.

Freshwater40

Saltwater31

Species list

NameScientific nameIn FrenchMax sizeBest months
Adriatic sturgeonAcipenser naccariiEsturgeon de l'Adriatique200 cmMar–Nov
AspLeuciscus aspiusAspe120 cmApr–Oct
Atlantic codGadus morhuaCabillaud200 cmOct–Apr
Atlantic horse mackerelTrachurus trachurusChinchard commun70 cmJun–Nov
Atlantic mackerelScomber scombrusMaquereau commun60 cmApr–Sep
Atlantic pomfretBrama bramaBrème de mer100 cmSep–Feb
Atlantic salmonSalmo salarSaumon atlantique150 cmMar–Nov
BarbelBarbus barbusBarbeau fluviatile120 cmMar–Jun, Sep–Oct
Beluga sturgeonHuso husoBéluga (esturgeon)700 cmApr–Jun
Bigeye tunaThunnus obesusThon obèse250 cmSep–Feb
Bighead carpHypophthalmichthys nobilisCarpe à grosse tête146 cmApr–Oct
Black bullheadAmeiurus melasPoisson-chat66 cmMar–Nov
BleakAlburnus alburnusAblette18 cmApr–Oct
BrillScophthalmus rhombusBarbue75 cmApr–Oct
Brook troutSalvelinus fontinalisOmble de fontaine60 cmMar–Nov
Brown bullheadAmeiurus nebulosusBarbotte brune55 cmMar–Nov
Brown troutSalmo trutta farioTruite fario60 cmApr–May
BurbotLota lotaLotte de rivière152 cmSep–May
ChubSqualius cephalusChevesne60 cmApr–Oct
Common carpCyprinus carpioCarpe commune129 cmJul–Sep
Common dabLimanda limandaLimande commune40 cmMar–Nov
Common daceLeuciscus leuciscusVandoise40 cmMar–Oct
Common naseChondrostoma nasusNase50 cmMar–Oct
Common soleSolea soleaSole commune70 cmMar–Nov
Crucian carpCarassius carassiusCarassin commun64 cmApr–Oct
European congerConger congerCongre300 cmJun–Nov
European eelAnguilla anguillaAnguille européenne130 cmMar–Nov
European flounderPlatichthys flesusFlet commun60 cmMar–Nov
European graylingThymallus thymallusOmbre commun60 cmJun–Aug
European perchPerca fluviatilisPerche commune50 cmSep–Oct
European plaicePleuronectes platessaPlie commune100 cmMar–Oct
European seabassDicentrarchus labraxBar commun (loup)103 cmJun–Oct
European SmeltOsmerus eperlanusÉperlan d'Europe30 cmSep–Apr
European sturgeonAcipenser sturioEsturgeon européen300 cmMar–Nov
Freshwater breamAbramis bramaBrème commune82 cmApr–Oct
Golden grey mulletChelon auratusMulet doré61 cmMar–Nov
GoldfishCarassius auratusCarassin doré48 cmApr–Oct
Grass carpCtenopharyngodon idellaAmour blanc150 cmMar–Nov
GudgeonGobio gobioGoujon20 cmApr–Oct
IdeLeuciscus idusIde mélanote80 cmApr–Oct
John DoryZeus faberSaint-Pierre90 cmMar–Nov
Lemon soleMicrostomus kittLimande-sole65 cmApr–Oct
Lesser spotted dogfishScyliorhinus caniculaPetite roussette100 cmMar–Nov
Mirror carpCyprinus carpio (forme miroir)Carpe miroir129 cmYear-round
Northern pikeEsox luciusBrochet137 cmSep–Nov
NursehoundScyliorhinus stellarisGrande roussette170 cmMar–Nov
Pike-perchSander luciopercaSandre100 cmSep–Nov
PollackPollachius pollachiusLieu jaune130 cmSep–Apr
Poor codTrisopterus minutusCapelan40 cmMar–Nov
PoutingTrisopterus luscusTacaud46 cmMar–Nov
Prussian carpCarassius gibelioCarassin argenté47 cmApr–Oct
PumpkinseedLepomis gibbosusPerche-soleil25 cmMar–Nov
Rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykissTruite arc-en-ciel123 cmMar–Nov
RoachRutilus rutilusGardon50 cmMar–Oct
RuddScardinius erythrophthalmusRotengle45 cmMar–Nov
RuffeGymnocephalus cernuaGrémille29 cmMar–Nov
Russian sturgeonAcipenser gueldenstaedtiiEsturgeon russe236 cmApr–Jun, Sep–Oct
SchneiderAlburnoides bipunctatusSpirlin15 cmMar–Nov
Sea troutSalmo trutta truttaTruite de mer100 cmMar–Nov
Siberian sturgeonAcipenser baeriiEsturgeon sibérien200 cmYear-round
Silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixCarpe argentée110 cmApr–Oct
Starry smooth-houndMustelus asteriasÉmissole tachetée154 cmMar–Nov
SterletAcipenser ruthenusSterlet125 cmMar–Nov
TenchTinca tincaTanche60 cmJul–Aug
Thicklip grey mulletChelon labrosusMulet lippu75 cmYear-round
Thinlip grey mulletChelon ramadaMulet porc70 cmMar–Nov
Tope sharkGaleorhinus galeusMilandre193 cmMar–Nov
TurbotScophthalmus maximusTurbot100 cmApr–Oct
Wels catfishSilurus glanisSilure glane273 cmJul–Aug
White breamBlicca bjoerknaBrème blanche46 cmApr–Oct
WhitingMerlangius merlangusMerlan91.5 cmOct–Apr