SpeciesKnotsGuides

Lake fish

With no current to dictate the lies, a lake is read through its depth and its temperature. Finding fish here takes longer than in a river, and catching them often takes less.

124 species documented

A lake offers no visible landmarks. What structures life below the surface is the contour: the drop-offs where the bed falls away, isolated humps, drowned timber, the weed beds along the margins. A sounder replaces reading the current, though a map and a little observation usually suffice — a rocky point running into the water almost always continues below it.

Temperature governs the rest. In summer the water stratifies: a warm layer on top, a cold one below, and between them a transition zone where oxygen and food concentrate. That is where most fish sit through the warm hours. In spring and autumn, when those layers mix, fish spread through the whole water column and move willingly onto the margins.

The wind, finally, is worth following rather than avoiding. It pushes plankton onto one shore, the baitfish follow, the predators behind them. The uncomfortable bank is usually the right one.

Freshwater123

Saltwater1

Species list

NameScientific nameMax sizeBest months
American eelAnguilla rostrata152 cmMar–Nov
American PaddlefishPolyodon spathula200 cmMar–May
American yellow perchPerca flavescens50 cmYear-round
Amur carpCyprinus rubrofuscus28 cmMar–Nov
Amur catfishSilurus asotus130 cmMar–Nov
Amur pikeEsox reichertii115 cmYear-round
Apache troutOncorhynchus apache58 cmMar–Nov
ArapaimaArapaima gigas450 cmJul–Mar
Arctic charSalvelinus alpinus107 cmJun–Feb
Arctic graylingThymallus arcticus76 cmMay–Oct
AspLeuciscus aspius120 cmApr–Oct
Australian bonytongueScleropages jardinii100 cmMar–Oct
Azul peacock bassCichla piquiti48 cmMay–Sep
Baikal black graylingThymallus baicalensis38.2 cmMay–Oct
Balkhash perchPerca schrenkii50 cmMar–Nov
BataLabeo bata61 cmMar–Nov
Bigeye latesLates mariae80 cmMay
Bighead carpHypophthalmichthys nobilis146 cmApr–Oct
Bigmouth buffaloIctiobus cyprinellus123 cmMar–Aug
Black carpMylopharyngodon piceus180 cmApr–Oct
Black crappiePomoxis nigromaculatus49 cmMar–Nov
BleakAlburnus alburnus18 cmApr–Oct
Blue catfishIctalurus furcatus165 cmMar–Nov
Blue tilapiaOreochromis aureus46 cmYear-round
BluegillLepomis macrochirus41 cmMar–Nov
BowfinAmia calva109 cmMar–Nov
Brook troutSalvelinus fontinalis60 cmMar–Nov
Brown bullheadAmeiurus nebulosus55 cmMar–Nov
Brown troutSalmo trutta fario60 cmApr–May
Bullseye snakeheadChanna marulius183 cmYear-round
Butterfly peacock bassCichla ocellaris74 cmYear-round
CatlaLabeo catla182 cmMar–Nov
Channel catfishIctalurus punctatus132 cmMar–Nov
CiscoCoregonus artedi57 cmSep–May
Common carpCyprinus carpio129 cmJul–Sep
Cutthroat troutOncorhynchus clarkii99 cmMar–Nov
Danube bleakAlburnus chalcoides40 cmApr–Sep
European eelAnguilla anguilla130 cmMar–Nov
European perchPerca fluviatilis50 cmSep–Oct
European whitefishCoregonus lavaretus73 cmSep–May
Flathead catfishPylodictis olivaris155 cmMar–Nov
FlierCentrarchus macropterus29 cmMar–Nov
Florida garLepisosteus platyrhincus132 cmMar–Nov
Forktail latesLates microlepis93 cmMay
Freshwater breamAbramis brama82 cmApr–Oct
Freshwater drumAplodinotus grunniens95 cmMar–Sep
Giant pangasiusPangasius sanitwongsei300 cmNov–Apr
Golden perchMacquaria ambigua76 cmSep–Feb
Golden troutOncorhynchus aguabonita71 cmJun–Nov
GoldeyeHiodon alosoides52 cmMar–Nov
GoldfishCarassius auratus48 cmApr–Oct
Green sunfishLepomis cyanellus31 cmMar–Nov
Italian bleakAlburnus arborella12.7 cmApr–Sep
Japanese eelAnguilla japonica150 cmMar–Nov
Lake bleakAlburnus mento40 cmApr–Sep
Lake charrSalvelinus umbla80 cmSep–May
Lake sturgeonAcipenser fulvescens270 cmMar–Nov
Lake troutSalvelinus namaycush150 cmJun–Feb
Lake whitefishCoregonus clupeaformis100 cmSep–May
Largemouth bassMicropterus salmoides97 cmJul–Sep
Longfin tilapiaOreochromis macrochir43 cmYear-round
Longnose garLepisosteus osseus200 cmMar–Nov
Mango tilapiaSarotherodon galilaeus40 cmYear-round
Mirror carpCyprinus carpio (forme miroir)129 cmYear-round
Monoculus peacock bassCichla monoculus70 cmJul–Jan
MooneyeHiodon tergisus47 cmMar–Nov
Mountain whitefishProsopium williamsoni70 cmMay–Oct
Mrigal carpCirrhinus mrigala99 cmMar–Nov
Murray codMaccullochella peelii180 cmDec–May
MuskellungeEsox masquinongy183 cmMar–Nov
New Zealand longfin eelAnguilla dieffenbachii185 cmSep–Feb
Nile perchLates niloticus200 cmYear-round
Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus60 cmYear-round
North African catfishClarias gariepinus170 cmYear-round
Northern pikeEsox lucius137 cmSep–Nov
Olive barbSystomus sarana42 cmMar–Nov
Orangefin labeoLabeo calbasu90 cmMar–Nov
Pike characinAcestrorhynchus falcatus30 cmYear-round
Pike-perchSander lucioperca100 cmSep–Nov
Prussian carpCarassius gibelio47 cmApr–Oct
Rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykiss123 cmMar–Nov
Redbelly tilapiaCoptodon zillii40 cmYear-round
Redbreast tilapiaCoptodon rendalli45 cmYear-round
Redear sunfishLepomis microlophus43 cmMar–Nov
Rock bassAmbloplites rupestris43 cmMar–Nov
RohuLabeo rohita200 cmMar–Nov
Round whitefishProsopium cylindraceum59 cmMay–Oct
RuffeGymnocephalus cernua29 cmMar–Nov
Sacramento perchArchoplites interruptus73 cmMar–Nov
SaugerSander canadensis76 cmSep–May
SheefishStenodus leucichthys150 cmJul–Mar
Short-finned eelAnguilla australis130 cmSep–Feb
SichelPelecus cultratus60 cmApr–Sep
Silver barbBarbonymus gonionotus43 cmNov–Jun
Silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrix110 cmApr–Oct
Smallmouth bassMicropterus dolomieu69 cmApr–Oct
Southern catfishSilurus meridionalis114 cmYear-round
Southern pikeEsox cisalpinus110 cmYear-round
Southern saratogaScleropages leichardti100 cmYear-round
Spotted bassMicropterus punctulatus64 cmApr–Nov
Spotted garLepisosteus oculatus150 cmMar–Nov
Striped catfishPangasianodon hypophthalmus130 cmNov–Apr
Tambaqui (black pacu)Colossoma macropomum110 cmDec–May
Tanganyika tilapiaOreochromis tanganicae42 cmYear-round
Tanzanian tigerfishHydrocynus tanzaniae24.7 cmJun–Nov
TenchTinca tinca60 cmJul–Aug
Tiger fishHydrocynus vittatus105 cmJun–Dec
Tiger muskellungeEsox lucius x masquinongyYear-round
Tiger-fishHydrocynus brevis86 cmJun–Nov
VendaceCoregonus albula48 cmYear-round
Volga pikeperchSander volgensis40 cmMar–Nov
Wallago catfishWallago attu240 cmJun–Sep, Nov–Apr
WalleyeSander vitreus107 cmYear-round
WarmouthLepomis gulosus31 cmMar–Nov
Wels catfishSilurus glanis273 cmJul–Aug
White bassMorone chrysops45 cmMar–Nov
White breamBlicca bjoerkna46 cmApr–Oct
White crappiePomoxis annularis53 cmMar–Nov
White SturgeonAcipenser transmontanus610 cmMar–May, Sep–Nov
White suckerCatostomus commersonii65 cmApr–May
Whitespotted charSalvelinus leucomaenis120 cmMar–Nov
Yellow bullheadAmeiurus natalis60 cmMar–Nov
Yellow peacock bassCichla kelberi58.5 cmMay–Dec
ZopeBallerus ballerus40 cmApr–Oct