SpeciesKnotsGuides

Estuary fish

Where the river meets the sea, salinity changes twice a day. This is the richest and most shifting habitat in the catalog, and one of the few where fresh water and salt water meet.

145 species documented

An estuary cannot be read without the tide. The flood pushes salt water upstream and carries marine fish with it; the ebb drains the mudflats and concentrates everything leaving them into the channels. The two hours either side of slack water often decide the session, and the same spot can be excellent at one precise hour and empty two hours later.

Coloured water is the rule here, not the exception. Heavy water limits what fish can see, so they hunt by scent and vibration: strong natural baits and lures that move water beat finesse. Confluences, the tips of banks, channel mouths and bridge supports squeeze the current, and with it the food.

It is also a habitat that demands care. Mud banks cover quickly, channels fill in behind you, and you go out onto them only knowing the state of the tide and the way back.

Saltwater87

Freshwater58

Species list

NameScientific nameMax sizeBest months
Adriatic sturgeonAcipenser naccarii200 cmMar–Nov
African pikeHepsetus odoe44.2 cmJun–Dec
Alligator garAtractosteus spatula260 cmMar–Nov
American eelAnguilla rostrata152 cmMar–Nov
Amur pikeEsox reichertii115 cmYear-round
Aquitanian pikeEsox aquitanicus100 cmYear-round
ArawanaOsteoglossum bicirrhosum90 cmYear-round
Arctic charSalvelinus alpinus107 cmJun–Feb
Atlantic horse mackerelTrachurus trachurus70 cmJun–Nov
Atlantic mackerelScomber scombrus60 cmApr–Sep
Atlantic salmonSalmo salar150 cmMar–Nov
Atlantic spadefishChaetodipterus faber90 cmMay–Sep
Atlantic Spanish mackerelScomberomorus maculatus91 cmMar–Nov
Atlantic tripletailLobotes surinamensis110 cmMay–Sep
Australian salmonArripis trutta89 cmMar–Aug
Balkhash perchPerca schrenkii50 cmMar–Nov
BarramundiLates calcarifer200 cmMar
Beluga sturgeonHuso huso700 cmApr–Jun
Black crappiePomoxis nigromaculatus49 cmMar–Nov
Black drumPogonias cromis170 cmSep–May
Black Sea troutSalmo labrax80 cmMar–Nov
Black seabreamSpondyliosoma cantharus60 cmMar–Nov
Blackfin seabassLateolabrax latus94 cmMar–May, Sep–Nov
Blacktip sharkCarcharhinus limbatus286 cmMar–Aug
Blue catfishIctalurus furcatus165 cmMar–Nov
BluefishPomatomus saltatrix130 cmMar–Nov
Boxlip mulletOedalechilus labeo25 cmMar–Sep
BrillScophthalmus rhombus75 cmApr–Oct
Bull sharkCarcharhinus leucas360 cmMar–Nov
Butterfly peacock bassCichla ocellaris74 cmYear-round
California HalibutParalichthys californicus152 cmMar–Oct
CatlaLabeo catla182 cmMar–Nov
Chinese seabassLateolabrax spilonotus102 cmMar–Nov
Chinook salmonOncorhynchus tshawytscha150 cmJun–Feb
ChubSqualius cephalus60 cmApr–Oct
Chum salmonOncorhynchus keta100 cmJun–Feb
Coho salmonOncorhynchus kisutch108 cmJun–Feb
Common snookCentropomus undecimalis140 cmMay–Sep
Common soleSolea solea70 cmMar–Nov
Crevalle jackCaranx hippos124 cmMar–Aug
Danube bleakAlburnus chalcoides40 cmApr–Sep
Dolly VardenSalvelinus malma127 cmMar–Nov
Elongate tigerfishHydrocynus forskahlii78 cmJun–Jan
European eelAnguilla anguilla130 cmMar–Nov
European flounderPlatichthys flesus60 cmMar–Nov
European seabassDicentrarchus labrax103 cmJun–Oct
European SmeltOsmerus eperlanus30 cmSep–Apr
European sturgeonAcipenser sturio300 cmMar–Nov
Flathead grey mulletMugil cephalus100 cmMar–Nov
Florida pompanoTrachinotus carolinus64 cmMar–Nov
GarfishBelone belone94 cmMar–Oct
Gilthead seabreamSparus aurata70 cmMar–Nov
Golden DoradoSalminus brasiliensis100 cmSep–Apr
Golden grey mulletChelon auratus61 cmMar–Nov
Grey snapperLutjanus griseus89 cmMar–Nov
Indo-Pacific tarponMegalops cyprinoides150 cmYear-round
Italian bleakAlburnus arborella12.7 cmApr–Sep
Japanese eelAnguilla japonica150 cmMar–Nov
Japanese seabassLateolabrax japonicus102 cmYear-round
Jari peacock bassCichla jariina34 cmJul–Dec
KawakawaEuthynnus affinis100 cmMar–Nov
King threadfinPolydactylus macrochir170 cmMay–Oct
KumakumaBrachyplatystoma filamentosum360 cmApr–Nov
LadyfishElops saurus100 cmMar–May, Sep–Nov
Leaping mulletChelon saliens40 cmApr–Oct
LeatherjacketOligoplites saurus35 cmMar–Aug
LookdownSelene vomer48.3 cmMar–Nov
Mango tilapiaSarotherodon galilaeus40 cmYear-round
Mangrove red snapperLutjanus argentimaculatus150 cmYear-round
Masu salmonOncorhynchus masou79 cmMar–Nov
MeagreArgyrosomus regius230 cmYear-round
MilkfishChanos chanos180 cmYear-round
Monoculus peacock bassCichla monoculus70 cmJul–Jan
MooneyeHiodon tergisus47 cmMar–Nov
Mozambique tilapiaOreochromis mossambicus39 cmYear-round
MuskellungeEsox masquinongy183 cmMar–Nov
Narrow-barred Spanish mackerelScomberomorus commerson240 cmYear-round
Orangemouth corvinaCynoscion xanthulus129 cmMar–Nov
Orinoco peacock bassCichla orinocensis61.7 cmJul–Nov
Pacific sierraScomberomorus sierra99 cmOct–Mar
Paraná pacuPiaractus mesopotamicus80 cmNov–Mar
Pike characinAcestrorhynchus falcatus30 cmYear-round
Pinima peacock bassCichla pinima52 cmMay–Sep
Pink salmonOncorhynchus gorbuscha76 cmJun–Nov
PoutingTrisopterus luscus46 cmMar–Nov
Rainbow smeltOsmerus mordax30 cmDec–May
Red drumSciaenops ocellatus155 cmYear-round
Red porgyPagrus pagrus91 cmYear-round
Redbelly tilapiaCoptodon zillii40 cmYear-round
RoosterfishNematistius pectoralis163 cmMay–Nov
Round whitefishProsopium cylindraceum59 cmMay–Oct
RuffeGymnocephalus cernua29 cmMar–Nov
Russian sturgeonAcipenser gueldenstaedtii236 cmApr–Jun, Sep–Oct
Sakhalin taimenParahucho perryi200 cmMar–Nov
Sand steenbrasLithognathus mormyrus55 cmMar–Nov
Sandbar sharkCarcharhinus plumbeus300 cmMar–Nov
SaugerSander canadensis76 cmSep–May
Sea troutSalmo trutta trutta100 cmMar–Nov
Senegalese soleSolea senegalensis60 cmMar–Oct
SheefishStenodus leucichthys150 cmJul–Mar
SheepsheadArchosargus probatocephalus91 cmDec–May
Short-finned eelAnguilla australis130 cmSep–Feb
Siberian sturgeonAcipenser baerii200 cmYear-round
SichelPelecus cultratus60 cmApr–Sep
Smooth-houndMustelus mustelus200 cmMar–Nov
Snubnose pompanoTrachinotus blochii110 cmMar–Aug
So-iuy mulletPlaniliza haematocheilus80 cmApr–Oct
Sockeye salmonOncorhynchus nerka84 cmJun–Aug, Dec–Feb
Southern African pikeHepsetus cuvieri37 cmNov–May
Southern flounderParalichthys lethostigma83 cmMar–Oct
Southern Iberian chubSqualius pyrenaicus26 cmApr–Jun, Sep–Oct
Southern saratogaScleropages leichardti100 cmYear-round
Spotted Sand BassParalabrax maculatofasciatus67 cmMar–Oct
Spotted seabassDicentrarchus punctatus70 cmMar–Nov
Spotted seatroutCynoscion nebulosus100 cmYear-round
Spotted SorubimPseudoplatystoma corruscans182 cmMay–Sep
Starry smooth-houndMustelus asterias154 cmMar–Nov
Striped bassMorone saxatilis200 cmMar–Nov
Striped bonitoSarda orientalis102 cmMar–May, Sep–Nov
Summer flounderParalichthys dentatus94 cmApr–Nov
Talang queenfishScomberoides commersonnianus120 cmYear-round
TarponMegalops atlanticus250 cmMar–Nov
Thicklip grey mulletChelon labrosus75 cmYear-round
Thinlip grey mulletChelon ramada70 cmMar–Nov
Three spotted tilapiaOreochromis andersonii61 cmYear-round
Tiger fishHydrocynus vittatus105 cmJun–Dec
Tiger muskellungeEsox lucius x masquinongyYear-round
Tiger sharkGaleocerdo cuvier750 cmJun–Nov
Tiger-fishHydrocynus brevis86 cmJun–Nov
Tope sharkGaleorhinus galeus193 cmMar–Nov
TrahiraHoplias malabaricus65 cmYear-round
Waigieu seaperchPsammoperca waigiensis47 cmMar
Wallago catfishWallago attu240 cmJun–Sep, Nov–Apr
WalleyeSander vitreus107 cmYear-round
WeakfishCynoscion regalis98 cmYear-round
White bassMorone chrysops45 cmMar–Nov
White crappiePomoxis annularis53 cmMar–Nov
White grouperEpinephelus aeneus120 cmMar–May, Sep–Nov
White mulletMugil curema91 cmYear-round
White perchMorone americana58 cmMar–Nov
White SturgeonAcipenser transmontanus610 cmMar–May, Sep–Nov
White trevallyPseudocaranx dentex122 cmYear-round
WhitingMerlangius merlangus91.5 cmOct–Apr
Xingu peacock bassCichla melaniae36 cmMay–Sep
Yellow peacock bassCichla kelberi58.5 cmMay–Dec