Fish of North America
The Great Lakes, the Mississippi, Pacific and Atlantic coasts, the salmon rivers of the West: North America holds freshwater systems with no equivalent anywhere else.
227 species documented
The Great Lakes alone form the largest surface freshwater reserve on the planet. Their size makes them behave like inland seas — real depth, storms, stratified temperatures — and they hold populations fished from a boat much as you would fish offshore.
The Pacific Northwest is the historic home of migratory salmonids, whose runs shape entire ecosystems, forests included. At the other end, the Mississippi basin drains a continent and concentrates a diversity of freshwater species found nowhere else in the temperate world.
It is also the birthplace of modern lure fishing. Much of the tackle, vocabulary and technique used worldwide today started here, around a handful of species that became reference points.

African pompano
Alectis ciliaris
Coastal· 150 cm

Albacore
Thunnus alalunga
Big pelagics· 140 cm

Alligator gar
Atractosteus spatula
Predators· 260 cm

Almaco jack
Seriola rivoliana
Coastal· 160 cm

American eel
Anguilla rostrata
Migratory· 152 cm

American Paddlefish
Polyodon spathula
Sturgeons· 200 cm

American plaice
Hippoglossoides platessoides
Flatfish· 83 cm

American yellow perch
Perca flavescens
Predators· 50 cm

Apache trout
Oncorhynchus apache
Salmonids· 58 cm

Arctic char
Salvelinus alpinus
Salmonids· 107 cm

Arctic grayling
Thymallus arcticus
Salmonids· 76 cm

Atlantic bluefin tuna
Thunnus thynnus
Big pelagics· 458 cm

Atlantic bonito
Sarda sarda
Big pelagics· 91.4 cm

Atlantic chub mackerel
Scomber colias
Big pelagics· 55 cm

Atlantic cod
Gadus morhua
Bottom fish· 200 cm

Atlantic goliath grouper
Epinephelus itajara
Coastal· 250 cm

Atlantic halibut
Hippoglossus hippoglossus
Flatfish· 470 cm

Atlantic mackerel
Scomber scombrus
Big pelagics· 60 cm

Atlantic pomfret
Brama brama
Big pelagics· 100 cm

Atlantic sailfish
Istiophorus albicans
Coastal· 315 cm

Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar
Salmonids· 150 cm

Atlantic spadefish
Chaetodipterus faber
Coastal· 90 cm

Atlantic Spanish mackerel
Scomberomorus maculatus
Big pelagics· 91 cm

Atlantic tripletail
Lobotes surinamensis
Coastal· 110 cm

Atlantic white marlin
Kajikia albida
Big pelagics· 300 cm

Atlantic wolffish
Anarhichas lupus
Bottom fish· 150 cm

Bigeye scad
Selar crumenophthalmus
Coastal· 70 cm

Bigeye trevally
Caranx sexfasciatus
Coastal· 120 cm

Bigeye tuna
Thunnus obesus
Big pelagics· 250 cm

Bighead carp
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis
Carp & coarse· 146 cm

Bigmouth buffalo
Ictiobus cyprinellus
Carp & coarse· 123 cm

Black bullhead
Ameiurus melas
Catfish· 66 cm

Black carp
Mylopharyngodon piceus
Carp & coarse· 180 cm

Black crappie
Pomoxis nigromaculatus
Predators· 49 cm

Black drum
Pogonias cromis
Coastal· 170 cm

Black grouper
Mycteroperca bonaci
Coastal· 150 cm

Black jack
Caranx lugubris
Coastal· 100 cm

Black marlin
Istiompax indica
Coastal· 465 cm

Black rockfish
Sebastes melanops
Bottom fish· 63 cm

Black sea bass
Centropristis striata
Coastal· 66 cm

Black snapper
Apsilus dentatus
Coastal· 65 cm

Blackfin tuna
Thunnus atlanticus
Big pelagics· 108 cm

Blacktip shark
Carcharhinus limbatus
Sharks & rays· 286 cm

Blue catfish
Ictalurus furcatus
Catfish· 165 cm

Blue marlin
Makaira nigricans
Coastal· 500 cm

Blue shark
Prionace glauca
Sharks & rays· 400 cm

Blue tilapia
Oreochromis aureus
Other· 46 cm

Bluefish
Pomatomus saltatrix
Coastal· 130 cm

Bluegill
Lepomis macrochirus
Predators· 41 cm

Bonefish
Albula vulpes
Migratory· 104 cm

Bowfin
Amia calva
Predators· 109 cm

Brook trout
Salvelinus fontinalis
Salmonids· 60 cm

Brown bullhead
Ameiurus nebulosus
Catfish· 55 cm

Brown trout
Salmo trutta fario
Salmonids· 60 cm

Bull shark
Carcharhinus leucas
Sharks & rays· 360 cm

Bull trout
Salvelinus confluentus
Salmonids· 103 cm

Bullet tuna
Auxis rochei
Big pelagics· 50 cm

Bullseye snakehead
Channa marulius
Predators· 183 cm

Burbot
Lota lota
Bottom fish· 152 cm

Butterfly peacock bass
Cichla ocellaris
Predators· 74 cm

California Halibut
Paralichthys californicus
Flatfish· 152 cm

Cero mackerel
Scomberomorus regalis
Big pelagics· 183 cm

Chain pickerel
Esox niger
Predators· 99 cm

Channel catfish
Ictalurus punctatus
Catfish· 132 cm

Chinook salmon
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Salmonids· 150 cm

Chub mackerel
Scomber japonicus
Big pelagics· 64 cm

Chum salmon
Oncorhynchus keta
Salmonids· 100 cm

Cisco
Coregonus artedi
Salmonids· 57 cm

Cobia
Rachycentron canadum
Coastal· 200 cm

Coho salmon
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Salmonids· 108 cm

Common carp
Cyprinus carpio
Carp & coarse· 129 cm

Common dolphinfish
Coryphaena hippurus
Big pelagics· 210 cm

Common snook
Centropomus undecimalis
Coastal· 140 cm

Coney grouper
Cephalopholis fulva
Coastal· 44 cm

Cottonmouth jack
Uraspis secunda
Coastal· 50 cm

Crevalle jack
Caranx hippos
Coastal· 124 cm

Cubera snapper
Lutjanus cyanopterus
Coastal· 160 cm

Cutthroat trout
Oncorhynchus clarkii
Salmonids· 99 cm

Dog snapper
Lutjanus jocu
Coastal· 128 cm

Dolly Varden
Salvelinus malma
Salmonids· 127 cm

Dusky shark
Carcharhinus obscurus
Sharks & rays· 420 cm

Eastern Pacific bonito
Sarda chiliensis
Big pelagics· 102 cm

Flathead catfish
Pylodictis olivaris
Catfish· 155 cm

Flathead grey mullet
Mugil cephalus
Coastal· 100 cm

Flier
Centrarchus macropterus
Predators· 29 cm

Florida gar
Lepisosteus platyrhincus
Predators· 132 cm

Florida pompano
Trachinotus carolinus
Coastal· 64 cm

Freshwater drum
Aplodinotus grunniens
Bottom fish· 95 cm

Frigate tuna
Auxis thazard
Big pelagics· 65 cm

Gag grouper
Mycteroperca microlepis
Coastal· 145 cm

Gila trout
Oncorhynchus gilae
Salmonids· 32 cm

Golden trout
Oncorhynchus aguabonita
Salmonids· 71 cm

Goldeye
Hiodon alosoides
Other· 52 cm

Goldfish
Carassius auratus
Carp & coarse· 48 cm

Grass carp
Ctenopharyngodon idella
Carp & coarse· 150 cm

Graysby
Cephalopholis cruentata
Coastal· 42.6 cm

Great barracuda
Sphyraena barracuda
Coastal· 200 cm

Great hammerhead
Sphyrna mokarran
Sharks & rays· 610 cm

Great white shark
Carcharodon carcharias
Sharks & rays· 640 cm

Greater amberjack
Seriola dumerili
Coastal· 190 cm

Green sunfish
Lepomis cyanellus
Predators· 31 cm

Grey snapper
Lutjanus griseus
Coastal· 89 cm

Guadalupe bass
Micropterus treculii
Predators· 46.4 cm

Haddock
Melanogrammus aeglefinus
Bottom fish· 112 cm

Indo-Pacific sailfish
Istiophorus platypterus
Coastal· 348 cm

Kelp bass
Paralabrax clathratus
Coastal· 72 cm

King mackerel
Scomberomorus cavalla
Big pelagics· 184 cm

Lacustrine brown trout
Salmo trutta lacustris
Salmonids· 100 cm

Ladyfish
Elops saurus
Migratory· 100 cm

Lake sturgeon
Acipenser fulvescens
Sturgeons· 270 cm

Lake trout
Salvelinus namaycush
Salmonids· 150 cm

Lake whitefish
Coregonus clupeaformis
Salmonids· 100 cm

Lane snapper
Lutjanus synagris
Coastal· 60 cm

Largemouth bass
Micropterus salmoides
Predators· 97 cm

Leatherjacket
Oligoplites saurus
Coastal· 35 cm

Little tunny
Euthynnus alletteratus
Big pelagics· 122 cm

Longbill spearfish
Tetrapturus pfluegeri
Big pelagics· 254 cm

Longear sunfish
Lepomis megalotis
Predators· 24 cm

Longfin mako
Isurus paucus
Sharks & rays· 427 cm

Longnose gar
Lepisosteus osseus
Predators· 200 cm

Lookdown
Selene vomer
Coastal· 48.3 cm

Mackerel scad
Decapterus macarellus
Coastal· 46 cm

Mexican golden trout
Oncorhynchus chrysogaster
Salmonids· 12.7 cm

Milkfish
Chanos chanos
Coastal· 180 cm

Mirror carp
Cyprinus carpio (forme miroir)
Carp & coarse· 129 cm

Mooneye
Hiodon tergisus
Other· 47 cm

Mountain whitefish
Prosopium williamsoni
Salmonids· 70 cm

Mozambique tilapia
Oreochromis mossambicus
Other· 39 cm

Mud sunfish
Acantharchus pomotis
Predators· 21 cm

Muskellunge
Esox masquinongy
Predators· 183 cm

Mutton snapper
Lutjanus analis
Coastal· 94 cm

Nassau grouper
Epinephelus striatus
Coastal· 122 cm

Nile tilapia
Oreochromis niloticus
Other· 60 cm

Northern pike
Esox lucius
Predators· 137 cm

Northern red snapper
Lutjanus campechanus
Coastal· 100 cm

Northern snakehead
Channa argus
Predators· 100 cm

Oilfish
Ruvettus pretiosus
Big pelagics· 300 cm

Orangemouth corvina
Cynoscion xanthulus
Coastal· 129 cm

Orangespotted sunfish
Lepomis humilis
Predators· 18 cm

Pacific barracuda
Sphyraena argentea
Coastal· 145 cm

Pacific bluefin tuna
Thunnus orientalis
Big pelagics· 300 cm

Pacific cod
Gadus macrocephalus
Bottom fish· 119 cm

Pacific halibut
Hippoglossus stenolepis
Flatfish· 258 cm

Pacific sierra
Scomberomorus sierra
Big pelagics· 99 cm

Permit
Trachinotus falcatus
Coastal· 122 cm

Piked dogfish
Squalus acanthias
Sharks & rays· 160 cm

Pilotfish
Naucrates ductor
Coastal· 70 cm

Pink salmon
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Salmonids· 76 cm

Pompano
Trachinotus ovatus
Coastal· 70 cm

Pompano dolphinfish
Coryphaena equiselis
Coastal· 146 cm

Porbeagle
Lamna nasus
Sharks & rays· 350 cm

Prussian carp
Carassius gibelio
Carp & coarse· 47 cm

Pumpkinseed
Lepomis gibbosus
Predators· 25 cm

Rainbow parrotfish
Scarus guacamaia
Coastal· 120 cm

Rainbow runner
Elagatis bipinnulata
Coastal· 180 cm

Rainbow smelt
Osmerus mordax
Migratory· 30 cm

Rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Salmonids· 123 cm

Red drum
Sciaenops ocellatus
Coastal· 155 cm

Red grouper
Epinephelus morio
Coastal· 125 cm

Red hind
Epinephelus guttatus
Coastal· 76 cm

Red porgy
Pagrus pagrus
Coastal· 91 cm

Redbelly tilapia
Coptodon zillii
Other· 40 cm

Redear sunfish
Lepomis microlophus
Predators· 43 cm

Redeye bass
Micropterus coosae
Predators· 47 cm

Redfin pickerel
Esox americanus
Predators

Rock bass
Ambloplites rupestris
Predators· 43 cm

Roosterfish
Nematistius pectoralis
Coastal· 163 cm

Round whitefish
Prosopium cylindraceum
Salmonids· 59 cm

Roundscale spearfish
Tetrapturus georgii
Big pelagics· 184 cm

Rudd
Scardinius erythrophthalmus
Carp & coarse· 45 cm

Ruffe
Gymnocephalus cernua
Predators· 29 cm

Sacramento perch
Archoplites interruptus
Predators· 73 cm

Saithe
Pollachius virens
Bottom fish· 130 cm

Sandbar shark
Carcharhinus plumbeus
Sharks & rays· 300 cm

Sauger
Sander canadensis
Predators· 76 cm

Scalloped hammerhead
Sphyrna lewini
Sharks & rays· 430 cm

Sea trout
Salmo trutta trutta
Salmonids· 100 cm

Shadow bass
Ambloplites ariommus
Predators· 31 cm

Sheefish
Stenodus leucichthys
Salmonids· 150 cm

Sheepshead
Archosargus probatocephalus
Coastal· 91 cm

Shoal bass
Micropterus cataractae
Predators· 61 cm

Shortbill spearfish
Tetrapturus angustirostris
Coastal· 230 cm

Shortfin mako
Isurus oxyrinchus
Sharks & rays· 445 cm

Shortnose gar
Lepisosteus platostomus
Predators· 88 cm

Silky shark
Carcharhinus falciformis
Sharks & rays· 350 cm

Silver carp
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
Carp & coarse· 110 cm

Skipjack tuna
Katsuwonus pelamis
Big pelagics· 110 cm

Smallmouth bass
Micropterus dolomieu
Predators· 69 cm

Smooth hammerhead
Sphyrna zygaena
Sharks & rays· 500 cm

Sockeye salmon
Oncorhynchus nerka
Salmonids· 84 cm

Southern flounder
Paralichthys lethostigma
Flatfish· 83 cm

Spotted bass
Micropterus punctulatus
Predators· 64 cm

Spotted gar
Lepisosteus oculatus
Predators· 150 cm

Spotted Sand Bass
Paralabrax maculatofasciatus
Coastal· 67 cm

Spotted seatrout
Cynoscion nebulosus
Coastal· 100 cm

Stoplight parrotfish
Sparisoma viride
Coastal· 64 cm

Striped bass
Morone saxatilis
Coastal· 200 cm

Striped bonito
Sarda orientalis
Big pelagics· 102 cm

Striped marlin
Kajikia audax
Coastal· 420 cm

Summer flounder
Paralichthys dentatus
Flatfish· 94 cm

Suwannee bass
Micropterus notius
Predators· 40 cm

Swordfish
Xiphias gladius
Big pelagics· 455 cm

Tarpon
Megalops atlanticus
Migratory· 250 cm

Tautog
Tautoga onitis
Coastal· 91 cm

Tench
Tinca tinca
Carp & coarse· 60 cm

Tiger muskellunge
Esox lucius x masquinongy
Predators

Tiger shark
Galeocerdo cuvier
Sharks & rays· 750 cm

Tope shark
Galeorhinus galeus
Sharks & rays· 193 cm

Trahira
Hoplias malabaricus
Predators· 65 cm

Wahoo
Acanthocybium solandri
Big pelagics· 250 cm

Walking catfish
Clarias batrachus
Catfish· 47 cm

Walleye
Sander vitreus
Predators· 107 cm

Warmouth
Lepomis gulosus
Predators· 31 cm

Weakfish
Cynoscion regalis
Coastal· 98 cm

White bass
Morone chrysops
Predators· 45 cm

White crappie
Pomoxis annularis
Predators· 53 cm

White mullet
Mugil curema
Coastal· 91 cm

White perch
Morone americana
Coastal· 58 cm

White seabass
Atractoscion nobilis
Coastal· 166 cm

White Sturgeon
Acipenser transmontanus
Sturgeons· 610 cm

White sucker
Catostomus commersonii
Bottom fish· 65 cm

Wreckfish
Polyprion americanus
Coastal· 210 cm

Yellow bass
Morone mississippiensis
Predators· 46 cm

Yellow bullhead
Ameiurus natalis
Catfish· 60 cm

Yellowfin tuna
Thunnus albacares
Big pelagics· 239 cm

Yellowtail amberjack
Seriola lalandi
Coastal· 250 cm

Yellowtail snapper
Ocyurus chrysurus
Coastal· 86 cm